![]() The pressure of the air beneath the balloon is slightly greater than the pressure above the balloon which results in it floating. It is important to remember that fluid includes liquids and gases. ![]() The same principle applies to say a helium balloon. Students Scholars Article Images & Videos Related Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Theory: Archimedes’ principle states that a body wholly or partially submerged in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal in magnitude to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. Think of the fluid as several layers sitting on top of each other with pressure increasing the further down you go. The area of the object which is at a greater depth, and therefore subject to a greater hydrostatic pressure, will be pushed upwards, towards a lower depth and therefore lower hydrostatic pressure. Now the reason behind buoyancy lies in the fact that pressure changes as a function of depth according to the equationĪs you can see pressure increases as depth $h$ increases. Now the reason I bring up pressure, is because understanding how pressure affects a submerged object can help you understand buoyancy. This upward force is called the buoyant force. Archimedes law states that an object immersed in a fluid will experience an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. When a body is placed into a fluid, an upward force is always exerted on it by the surrounding fluid which partially or wholly reduces the impact of downward weight force. It is written mathematically as: F b x g x V where: F b is the buoyant force. ![]() Where $P$ is the pressure on the submerged (part of) object and $A$ the area of the same. Or using Archimedes' principle, we can explain why hot air balloons ascend in the air. Just as earlier stated, Archimedes law states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. ![]()
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